1. Biological Molecules
Description: Video, webpages, or online articles that explain carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (oils) as the bio-molecules or biological molecules of the living organisms composed of several units of monomers or building blocks (sugars, amino acids, alcohol and fatty acids respectively).
Core Concepts: The biological molecules found in the living organisms.
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2. Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins
Description: Webpage, online piece, or journal articles with explanation on the structural conformation of proteins, forces that trigger native state or 3D conformation(structure) of proteins; and denaturation of proteins.
Core Concepts: 3D conformation of proteins.
- Webpage on shape and structure of proteins
- e-Book on on molecular structure and function
- Webpage on three-dimensional structure of proteins
- Webpage on three-dimensional structure and functions of proteins
- Journal article on protein folding activity
- Data base with journal article on protein folding activity
3. Three-Dimensional Structure (conformation) and Function of Proteins
Description: Webpage, online piece, or journal articles with the explanation on how three-dimensional structure of proteins are adapted to carry out their specific biological processes or functions (e.g., the structure of hemoglobin is adapted to carry oxygen).
Core Concepts: 3D conformation of proteins and their corresponding biological processes or functions.
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4. What are Bioplastics?
Description: Online article (online piece) that provides scientific explanation of bioplastic largely in terms of types of materials used for producing bioplastics and its corresponding advantages from the light of environmental concerns.
Core Concepts: Bioplastics as a product of bio-molecules (one of the examples of biomimicry or nature inspired innovation).
5. The Structure and Function of DNA
Description: Webpages or online pieces that provide scientific explanation on how the structural conformation of DNA molecule (genetic code or sequence of codons-DNA letter languages) is precisely adapted to carry out biological role in storing information to build an organism or proteins.
Core Concepts: The structure of DNA and its corresponding function.
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6. Enzyme-substrate Complex Formation
Description: Webpages, videos, or online pieces with the scientific explanation how enzymes catalyze or enhance the rate of reactions by forming enzyme-substrate complex formation (binding of enzymes with specific substrates).
Core Concepts: Enzymes.
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7. Bioremediation Capacity of Enzymes
Description: Journal article that explains how enzymes (extracts from yeast (fungi), bacteria, etc.) are used as means of detoxifying or removing stains, toxins, waste materials, etc.
Core Concepts: Enzymes in the act of bio-remediation.
Link: Journal article on the use of enzymes in various fields of bio-remediation
10. Cardiac Cycle
Description: Webpage or online piece that explains the sequence of events that take place during cardiac cycle.
Core Concepts: Events during cardiac cycle.
Link: Webpage on cardiac cycle
15. Anatomy of the Brain and the Spinal Cord
Description: Webpages or online articles that provides scientific explanation on the morphology and anatomical structures of brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) with corresponding functions aided with illustration or visual models (diagrams).
Core Concepts: Morphological and anatomical structures of brain and spinal cord.
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16. How does the Nervous System help us respond?
Description: Online piece that explains the mechanism or physiological process by which nervous system, especially sensory receptors, central nervous system and the associated nerves, and effectors bring about response and coordination in response to various external or internal stimuli.
Core Concepts: Nervous coordination.
Link: Webpage on how does the nervous system help us respond? (pages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5..)
17. What are the Three Lines of Defense?
Description: Webpage or online piece that provides scientific explanation accounting how our body is protected from diseases or pathogens by our three lines of defenses (physical barrier, non-specific response, and specific response).
Core Concepts: Human body defense.
18. White Blood Cells T-cells and B-cells ( Cells of the immune system )
Description: Video that explains how T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes function to provide immunity against specific pathogens.
Core Concepts: Defensive mechanism by T and B-lymphocytes.
20. Water Uptake and Transport in Vascular Plants
Description: Webpage or online piece that explains how the suction force (transpiration pull or cohesion-tension) generated in the leaves contribute to upward movement of water in plants.
Core Concepts: Transportation of water in plants.
22. Photoperiodism in Plants
Description: Articles, videos, or online piece that provides scientific accounts as how plants respond to the relative length of the day and night for growth and development, including transition to reproductive phase (flowering), and seed germination.
Core Concepts: Response of plants to the relative length of day and night.
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23. Diversity, Taxonomic versus Functional
Description: Journal article that provides scientific explanation on species richness/diversity.
Core Concepts: Species richness.
Link: Webpage (journal article) on diversity, taxonomic versus functional
24. Invasive Species, Invasive Species in Bhutan, and Ecological Impacts of Invasive Species
Description: Webpages, technical reports, newspaper articles, and circular that offer special accounts on what are invasive and native species, invasive species of Bhutan, and ecological impacts of invasive species, etc.
Core Concepts: Invasive species and their corresponding impacts.
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25. Mitosis and Cell Division
Description: Webpages or online pieces that explain mitotic division (mitosis), stages of mitotic division with the behaviour of chromosomes, nucleus, and centrioles at each stage; and provide accounts on why body cells (e.g., nerve cells, liver cells, etc.) irrespective of the function contain same genetic composition.
Core Concepts: Mitosis as a biological process of growth, repair, replacement, and differentiation.
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26. Meiosis
Description: Webpage or online piece that explains the stages of meiotic division with the behaviour of chromosomes, nucleus, and centriole at each stage; and provides scientific account why gametes or sex cells contain differing genetic information by certain degree.
Core Concepts: Meiosis as a means of producing gametes and as a source of variation.
27. Inheritance of Traits or Characters based on the Expression of Alleles
Description: Webpages or online pieces that explain patterns of inheritance of characters (human or other organism) based on the expression of alleles.
Core Concepts: Patterns of inheritance of characters.
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28. Inheritance of Sex-linked or X-linked Recessive Traits
Description: Video and webpage that explain how sex-linked traits or diseases, such as colour blindness and haemophilia are transmitted or inherited from one generation to another (cross-cross inheritance).
Core Concepts: Patterns of inheritance of sex-linked traits.
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30. Cloning, Types of Cloning, and Biological and Ethical Concerns of Cloning
Description: Journal articles, online pieces, or webpages that provide scientific description on types of cloning, process of cloning through somatic cell nuclear transfer technique and embryo splitting technique , and biological and ethical issues of cloning.
Core Concepts: Cloning as a mean of the multiplication of organisms.
Links:
- Webpage on all about cloning
- Journal article on cloning by somatic nuclear transfer technique
- Journal article on cloning by embryo splitting technique
- Journal article on ethical issues of cloning
- Webpage on plant cloning (tissue culture)
- Class XII agriculture textbook (REC)
- E-book on plant breeding
- Webpage on plant cloning (tissue culture)
- Newspaper article on plant cloning (tissue culture) in Bhutan
- Webpage on all about cloning
- Journal article on cloning by somatic nuclear transfer technique
- Journal article on cloning by embryo splitting technique
- Journal article on ethical issues of cloning
- Webpage on plant cloning (tissue culture)
31. Genetic Engineering or Recombinant DNA Technology (rDNA Technology)
Description: Journal articles, webpages, video, online pieces that offer scientific insight onto how genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology (rDNA Technology) is carried out, applications of rDNA technology, and biological and ethical concerns of rDNA technology.
Core Concepts: Manipulation of the genetic make-up/genotype/genome of the organism.
Links:
- Webpage on genetic engineering or rDNA technology
- Journal article on steps of genetic engineering or rDNA technology
- Journal article on applications of genetic engineering or rDNA technology
- Journal article on ethical issues of genetic engineering or rDNA technology
- Class XII agriculture textbook (REC)
32. Variation between Individuals of Same Species
Description: Journal articles, webpages, or online pieces that outlines the scientific accounts justifying the prevalence of variation amongst the individuals of the same species; or amongst the offspring derived from the same parents.
Core Concepts: Sources of variation.
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